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Understanding BCR-ABL1 Transcripts and Their Role in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Introduction
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of blood cancer characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome, a genetic abnormality that results in the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene.
BCR-ABL1 Transcripts
Types and Significance
The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene can produce different transcripts, each with unique characteristics that influence the disease course and treatment response.
The two most common transcripts, e14a2 and e13a2, encode a 210 kDa BCR-ABL1 protein (p210).
Transcript Level and Treatment Implications
Patients reaching a specific transcript level, known as a stable deep molecular response (s-DMR), are considered for potential treatment discontinuation.
Monitoring Residual Disease
BCR-ABL1 Transcript Levels
The presence of residual CML disease is monitored through BCR-ABL1 transcript levels. A prolonged period of undetectable levels indicates effective treatment and a low risk of relapse.
Conclusion
Understanding the role of BCR-ABL1 transcripts in CML is essential for personalized treatment and monitoring. By identifying specific transcript types and monitoring their levels, clinicians can tailor therapies and assess disease prognosis.
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